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It was a province of all the major Islamic dynasties in India including the Mughal Empire. With the decline of late Mughal Delhi, Awadh became a major source of literary, artistic, religious, and architectural patronage in northern India under the rule of its eleven rulers, called Nawabs.
Nawab Saadat Ali Khan II. Nawab Nasiruddin Haider. The Kingdom of Awadh (/ ˈ aʊ d /, [1] also Oudh State, Kingdom of Oudh, Awadh Subah, Oudh Subah or Awadh State) was a Mughal subah, then an independent kingdom, and lastly a princely state in the Awadh region of North India until its annexation by the British in 1856.
The city was the capital of the province of Awadh (mispronounced as "Oudh" by the British), which is also believed to be a variant of the name "Ayodhya". [76] After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 AD, the central Muslim rule weakened, and Awadh became virtually independent, with Ayodhya as its capital.
The Nawab of Awadh or Nawab of Oudh / ˈ aʊ d / was the title of the rulers of Kingdom of Awadh (anglicised as Oudh) in northern India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Nawabs of Awadh belonged to an Iranian dynasty [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] of Sayyid origin [ 4 ] [ 5 ] from Nishapur , Iran .
The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was a province of India under the British Raj, which existed from 22 March 1902 to 1937; the official name was shortened by the Government of India Act 1935 to United Provinces (UP), by which the province had been commonly known, and by which name it was also a province of independent India until 1950. [1]
By 1945, the region had been slightly re-organised. The Punjab States Agency was created out of the Punjab States, and the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi was created out of Punjab Province. The Oudh province and the North-Western provinces had been merged to form the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh.
Tulsipur State was a small kingdom in the Awadh region of India that became the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh under the British Raj. Tulsipur also extended north beyond Dundwa Range of the Siwaliks to include the Dang and Deukhuri Valleys later part of the Kingdom of Nepal. It was one of the areas traditionally inhabited by the Tharu people.
At the start of the 19th century, only the Benares division and the fort of Allahabad in present-day Uttar Pradesh were under British rule. [1] In 1801, the Nawab of Awadh, Saadat Ali, ceded some territory to the British in return for protection against a threat of attack from the north-west by Zaman Shah Durrani, the grandson of Ahmad Shah Durrani. [1]