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Philip II felt it necessary to be involved in the detail, and he presided over specialised councils for state affairs, finance, war, and the Inquisition. Philip II played groups against each other, leading to a system of checks and balances that managed affairs inefficiently, even to the extent of damaging state business, as in the Perez affair.
Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), also known as Philip Augustus (French: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks ( Latin : rex Francorum ), but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French monarch to style himself "King of France" ( rex Francie ).
Relaciones geográficas were a series of elaborate questionnaires distributed to the lands of King Philip II of Spain in the Viceroyalty of New Spain in North America. They were done so, upon his command, from 1579–1585. [1] This was a direct response to the reforms imposed by the Ordenanzas, ordinances, of 1573. [2]
Philip II Philoromaeus last Seleucid (65–63 BC) Philip II of Spain and I of Portugal (1526–1598), also King of England and Ireland by marriage (1554–1558) Philip III of Spain and II of Portugal (1578–1621) Philip IV of Spain and III of Portugal (1605–1665) Philip V of Spain (1683–1746) Philip VI of Spain, more often known by his ...
As long as the conflict with Philip could be glossed over, these magistrates could pretend to remain loyal to the king, but if a new sovereign was recognised, they had to make a choice. The rebellious States General decided on 14 June 1581 to officially declare the throne vacant, because of Philip's behaviour. [6]
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The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings' Crusade. [13]
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