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The categories are varied and include processes or ingredients not usually regarded as defining beer styles in themselves, such as cask ale or gluten-free beer. [2] [3] [4] Beer terms such as ale or lager cover a wide variety of beer styles, and are better thought of as broad categories of beer styles.
Many beer styles are classified as one of two main types, ales and lagers, though certain styles may not be easily sorted into either category.Beers classified as ales are typically made with yeasts that ferment at warmer temperatures, usually between 15.5 and 24 °C (60 and 75 °F), and form a layer of foam on the surface of the fermenting beer, thus they are called top-fermenting yeasts.
Lager (/ ˈ l ɑː ɡ ər /) is a style of beer brewed and conditioned at low temperature. [1] Lagers can be pale , amber , or dark . Pale lager is the most widely consumed and commercially available style of beer. [ 2 ]
The American lager or North American lager is a style of pale lager produced in the United States and Canada. Pale lagers originated in Europe in the mid-19th century and were brought to North America by German immigrants .
Bière de Garde ("beer for keeping") is a strong pale ale or keeping beer traditionally brewed in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France. [8] These beers were originally brewed in farmhouses during the winter and spring, to avoid unpredictable problems with the yeast during the summertime.
In comparison to a Bavarian pale lager, the traditional Märzen style is characterised by a fuller body, and a sweeter and often less hoppy flavour. [7] It typically contains 5.1–6.0% alcohol by volume. [1] The Austrian style is light in colour, body and flavour balance, and is the most popular beer style among the beers in Austria. [11]
Bière de Garde is a hybrid beer whose name translates from French to English as “Beer for Keeping”. The ale is low to moderate in esters and contains a similar malt sweetness to most other ales. The ale's ABV ranges from 4.4% to 8% and has a range of appearances, with its primary descriptions being “Light Amber, Chestnut Brown, or Red.”
[2] [3] Munich-style helles is a yellow beer brewed using cool fermentation with a lager yeast such as Saccharomyces pastorianus, bitter hops such as Hallertau hops, and an original specific gravity (prior to fermentation) between 1.044 and 1.053 (11 to 13 degrees plato), and between 4.5 and 6% alcohol by volume. Helles has a less pronounced ...