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As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars.
Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species. Within a mineral species there may be variation in physical properties or minor amounts of impurities that are recognized by mineralogists or wider society as a mineral variety.
Jeremejevite is an aluminium borate mineral with variable fluoride and hydroxide ions. Its chemical formula is Al 6 B 5 O 15 (F,OH) 3. It is considered as one of the rarest, thus one of the most expensive stones. For nearly a century, it was considered as one of the rarest gemstones in the world. [5] [better source needed]
1926, around 1,500 mineral species were firmly established at that time, the Roebling mineral collection (nowadays at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC) lacked less than 15 of those (Colonel Washington A. Roebling (1837–1926), founding member of the Mineralogical Society of America).
Early writing on mineralogy, especially on gemstones, comes from ancient Babylonia, the ancient Greco-Roman world, ancient and medieval China, and Sanskrit texts from ancient India. [1] Books on the subject included the Naturalis Historia of Pliny the Elder which not only described many different minerals but also explained many of their ...
1. History Supreme Yacht — $4.5 Billion. The History Supreme yacht is not the largest in the world. That honor goes to Jeff Bezo’s superyacht Y721 at 417 feet — but Y721 cost a mere $500 ...
The Mineralogical Record was first published in 1970, on the initiative of John S. White, a curator in the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Mineralogy, with the aim of filling the gap between scientific mineralogy journals (which began at that time to look more like solid state physics and chemistry than conventional descriptive mineralogy) and purely amateur magazines. [1]
Egypt has substantial mineral resources, including 48 million tons of tantalite (fourth largest in the world), 50 million tons of coal, and an estimated 6.7 million ounces of gold in the Eastern Desert. [1] The total real value of minerals mined was about E£102 million (US$18.7 million) in 1986, up from E£60 million (US$11 million) in 1981. [2]