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Guidelines by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association recommend statin treatment for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with LDL cholesterol ≥ 190 mg/dL (4.9 mmol/L) or those with diabetes, age 40–75 with LDL-C 70–190 mg/dL (1.8–4.9 mmol/dL); or in those with a 10-year risk of developing ...
The researchers calculated that using PREVENT equations could also decrease the number of adults who meet eligibility criteria for primary prevention statin use from 45.4 million to 28.3 million.
A 3-month trial of dietary changes is recommended in primary prevention before considering medication, but in secondary prevention and in individuals at high-risk, cholesterol-lowering medication is used in conjunction with diet modifications. [4]
Preventive healthcare strategies are described as taking place at the primal, [2] primary, [13] secondary, and tertiary prevention levels. Although advocated as preventive medicine in the early twentieth century by Sara Josephine Baker, [14] in the 1940s, Hugh R. Leavell and E. Gurney Clark coined the term primary prevention.
Statins may improve quality of life when used in people without existing cardiovascular disease (i.e. for primary prevention). [74] Statins decrease cholesterol in children with hypercholesterolemia, but no studies as of 2010 show improved outcomes [76] and diet is the mainstay of therapy in childhood. [39]
The first list was published in 1977 and included 208 medications. [8] [2] [9] The WHO updates the list every two years. [10] There are 306 medications in the 14th list in 2005, [11] 410 in the 19th list in 2015, [10] 433 in the 20th list in 2017, [12] [13] 460 in the 21st list in 2019, [14] [15] [16] and 479 in the 22nd list in 2021.
JUPITER was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study investigating the use of rosuvastatin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The trial focused on patients with normal low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels but increased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).
Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to prevent cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and to treat abnormal lipid levels. [4] For the prevention of cardiovascular disease, statins are a first-line treatment. [4] It is taken by mouth. [4] Common side effects include joint pain, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, and muscle pains. [4]