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Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a hemorrhagic fever caused by hantaviruses.Symptoms occur usually occur 12–16 days after exposure to the virus and come in five distinct phases: febrile, hypotensive, low urine production (oliguric), high urine production (diuretic), and recovery.
Kidney ischemia [1] is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. [2] Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. [3]
“The body aches related to an infection such as pharyngitis (sore throat) or flu are related to the immune system’s response to the infection,” says Stephen Parodi, M.D., infectious disease ...
[2] [3] The mechanism of infection is usually spread up the urinary tract. [2] Less often infection occurs through the bloodstream. [1] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and supported by urinalysis. [2] If there is no improvement with treatment, medical imaging may be recommended. [2]
Kidney disease usually causes a loss of kidney function to some degree and can result in kidney failure, the complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option.
The kidney damage inflicted by cadmium poisoning is irreversible. The kidneys can shrink up to 30 percent. The kidneys lose their function to remove acids from the blood in proximal renal tubular dysfunction. The proximal renal tubular dysfunction causes hypophosphatemia, leading to muscle weakness and sometimes coma. Hyperchloremia also occurs.
The term usually refers to damage induced by excessive use of combinations of these medications, especially combinations that include phenacetin. It may also be used to describe kidney injury from any single analgesic medication. The specific kidney injuries induced by analgesics are renal papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis.
PAN is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. [6] The condition may be present in infants. [7] PAN is a rare disease. [6] With treatment, five-year survival is 80%; without treatment, five-year survival is 13%. Death is often a consequence of kidney failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke. [8]