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Thus, an accelerating universe took a longer time to expand from 2/3 to 1 times its present size, compared to a non-accelerating universe with constant ˙ and the same present-day value of the Hubble constant. This results in a larger light-travel time, larger distance and fainter supernovae, which corresponds to the actual observations.
Swenson, Jim, Answer to a question about the expanding universe Archived 11 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine; Felder, Gary, "The Expanding universe". NASA's WMAP team offers an "Explanation of the universal expansion" at an elementary level. Hubble Tutorial from the University of Wisconsin Physics Department Archived 9 June 2014 at the ...
[34] [35] It became known in the 1960s that the density of matter in the Universe was comparable to the critical density necessary for a flat universe (that is, a universe whose large-scale geometry is the usual Euclidean geometry, rather than a non-Euclidean hyperbolic or spherical geometry).
The Big Bang event 13-14 billion years ago initiated the universe, and it has been expanding ever since. Scientists in 1998 disclosed that this expansion was actually accelerating, with dark ...
In physical cosmology, the Big Rip is a hypothetical cosmological model concerning the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the matter of the universe, from stars and galaxies to atoms and subatomic particles, and even spacetime itself, is progressively torn apart by the expansion of the universe at a certain time in the future, until distances between particles will infinitely increase.
The cosmological principle, that the universe is the same everywhere and in all directions, and that it is expanding, A postulate by Hermann Weyl that the lines of spacetime intersect at only one point, where time along each line can be synchronized; the behavior resembles an expanding fluid, [3]: 175
Vacuum state is a configuration of quantum fields representing a local minimum (but not necessarily a global minimum) of energy. Inflationary models propose that at approximately 10 −36 seconds after the Big Bang, vacuum state of the Universe was different from the one seen at the present time: the inflationary vacuum had a much higher energy density.
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