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Shoring is a term used in the process of air freight container and pallet (ULD) buildup, e.g. making sure that the cargo placed in containers and on pallets is packed securely and efficiently. Specifically, shoring is done to affix cargo to the ULD and adapt different form factors of cargo items to maximize the use of the available ULD volume.
In 1935 W.A. de Vigier designed an adjustable steel prop which revolutionized many aspects of the construction industry including to support slab formwork, wall formwork, trench sheeting and falsework. [3] Materials from which falsework systems are manufactured have also diversified from traditional steel and timber to aluminium components.
Heavy construction equipment is usually used due to the amounts of material to be moved — up to millions of cubic metres. Earthwork construction was revolutionized by the development of the scraper and other earth-moving machines such as the loader, the dump truck, the grader, the bulldozer, the backhoe, and the dragline excavator.
The following is a list of trades in construction. Bell hanger installs mechanical and electrical bell systems; Boilermaker, works in nuclear, oil and gas industry, shipyards, refineries, and chemical plants, on boilers, pressure vessels, and similar equipment. Carpenter, a craftsperson who performs carpentry, building mainly with wood. [1]
Shotcrete is placed and compacted/consolidated at the same time, due to the force with which it is ejected from the nozzle. It can be sprayed onto any type or shape of surface, including vertical or overhead areas. Shotcrete has the characteristics of high compressive strength, good durability, water tightness and frost resistance. [2]
Yet other systems use metal frame shoring towers, which the decks are attached to. Another common method is to attach the formwork decks to previously cast walls or columns, thus eradicating the use of vertical props altogether. In this method, adjustable support shoes are bolted through holes (sometimes tie holes) or attached to cast anchors.
Category for the construction methods involved in the shoring (to avoid collapse of retaining walls) of excavation Subcategories This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.
Tunnel Construction. Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnel construction depends on such factors as the ground conditions, the ground water conditions, the length and diameter of the tunnel drive, the depth of the tunnel, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape of the tunnel and appropriate risk management.