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Crigler–Najjar syndrome is a rare inherited disorder affecting the metabolism of bilirubin, a chemical formed from the breakdown of the heme in red blood cells. The disorder results in a form of nonhemolytic jaundice, which results in high levels of unconjugated bilirubin and often leads to brain damage in infants.
Whereas breastfeeding jaundice is a mechanical problem, breast milk jaundice is a biochemical occurrence and the higher bilirubin possibly acts as an antioxidant. Breast milk jaundice occurs later in the newborn period, with the bilirubin level usually peaking in the sixth to 14th days of life.
The causes of breast milk jaundice include variations in bilirubin metabolism, genetic variations, and variations in breastmilk, including the harmless and helpful germs found naturally on the surface of the skin and in the breastmilk. [40] Breast milk jaundice is usually not a reason to stop nursing. [119]
Breast milk is proven to be chemically different for each mother and infant pair. For example, a premature infant's mother will have different milk than a mature infant's mother. Breast milk can also change if an infection is detected in the infant. [2] This natural prevention is tailored toward each infant.
Jaundice is commonly associated with severity of disease with an incidence of up to 40% of patients requiring intensive care in ICU experiencing jaundice. [48] The causes of jaundice in the intensive care setting is both due to jaundice as the primary reason for ICU stay or as a morbidity to an underlying disease (i.e. sepsis). [48]
Neonates can be treated with increased fluid intake. The fluid of choice is, of course, mom's breast milk. In the absence of mom's milk, donor milk, formula and even IV fluids can be used to correct physiologic jaundice which is caused in part by dehydration--Smithcure 14:01, 12 January 2012 (UTC)
The prophylactic antibiotic use of human milk may be important in areas where mothers and infants do not have easy access to medicine, such as people living in developing countries. [24] Under these circumstances, practice of HBM therapy as medicine will be a determining factor in infant recovery and survival.
In this video, a mother uses breast compression during a feed to increase the flow of milk (1 minute, 37 seconds) Using a breast pump can maintain and improve milk supply if the baby is unable to nurse effectively. Attempts to increase milk supply should begin promptly as the longer low supply continues, the more difficult it is to reverse. [2]