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The simplest case of a normal distribution is known as the standard normal distribution or unit normal distribution. This is a special case when μ = 0 {\textstyle \mu =0} and σ 2 = 1 {\textstyle \sigma ^{2}=1} , and it is described by this probability density function (or density): φ ( z ) = e − z 2 2 2 π . {\displaystyle \varphi (z ...
In probability theory and statistics, the multivariate normal distribution, multivariate Gaussian distribution, or joint normal distribution is a generalization of the one-dimensional normal distribution to higher dimensions.
For more on simulating a draw from the truncated normal distribution, see Robert (1995), Lynch (2007, Section 8.1.3 (pages 200–206)), Devroye (1986). The MSM package in R has a function, rtnorm, that calculates draws from a truncated normal. The truncnorm package in R also has functions to draw from a truncated normal.
In statistics, a standard normal table, also called the unit normal table or Z table, [1] is a mathematical table for the values of ...
The folded normal distribution is a probability distribution related to the normal distribution. Given a normally distributed random variable X with mean μ and variance σ 2, the random variable Y = |X| has a folded normal distribution. Such a case may be encountered if only the magnitude of some variable is recorded, but not its sign.
The half-normal distribution is a special case of the generalized gamma distribution with d = 1, p = 2, a = . If Y has a half-normal distribution, Y-2 has a Lévy distribution; The Rayleigh distribution is a moment-tilted and scaled generalization of the half-normal distribution.
In probability theory, a log-normal (or lognormal) distribution is a continuous probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is normally distributed.
The two generalized normal families described here, like the skew normal family, are parametric families that extends the normal distribution by adding a shape parameter. Due to the central role of the normal distribution in probability and statistics, many distributions can be characterized in terms of their relationship to the normal ...