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  2. Wide and narrow data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_and_narrow_data

    The pandas package in Python implements this operation as "melt" function which converts a wide table to a narrow one. The process of converting a narrow table to wide table is generally referred to as "pivoting" in the context of data transformations.

  3. pandas (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandas_(software)

    Pandas supports hierarchical indices with multiple values per data point. An index with this structure, called a "MultiIndex", allows a single DataFrame to represent multiple dimensions, similar to a pivot table in Microsoft Excel. [4]: 147–148 Each level of a MultiIndex can be given a unique name.

  4. Comma-separated values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values

    Most spreadsheet programs can read CSV data, allowing CSV to be used as an intermediate format when transferring data from a database to a spreadsheet. CSV is also used for storing data. Common data science tools such as Pandas include the option to export data to CSV for long-term storage. [ 10 ]

  5. Table (database) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(database)

    In a database, a table is a collection of related data organized in table format; consisting of columns and rows. In relational databases, and flat file databases, a table is a set of data elements (values) using a model of vertical columns (identifiable by name) and horizontal rows, the cell being the unit where a row and column intersect. [1]

  6. Data orientation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_orientation

    Data orientation is the representation of tabular data in a linear memory model such as in-disk or in-memory.The two most common representations are column-oriented (columnar format) and row-oriented (row format). [1] [2] The choice of data orientation is a trade-off and an architectural decision in databases, query engines, and numerical ...

  7. Record (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_(computer_science)

    Objects in these languages are essentially records with the addition of methods and inheritance, which allow programmers to manipulate the way data behaves instead of only the contents of a record. Many programmers regard records as obsolete now since object-oriented languages have features that far surpass what records are capable of.

  8. Database index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_index

    A database index is a data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table at the cost of additional writes and storage space to maintain the index data structure. Indexes are used to quickly locate data without having to search every row in a database table every time said table is accessed.

  9. Microsoft Office XML formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_XML_formats

    Besides differences in the schema, there are several other differences between the earlier Office XML schema formats and Office Open XML. Whereas the data in Office Open XML documents is stored in multiple parts and compressed in a ZIP file conforming to the Open Packaging Conventions, Microsoft Office XML formats are stored as plain single monolithic XML files (making them quite large ...