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Toxic megacolon is an acute form of colonic distension. [2] It is characterized by a very dilated colon ( megacolon ), accompanied by abdominal distension ( bloating ), and sometimes fever , abdominal pain , or shock .
Risperidone, an anti-psychotic medication, can result in megacolon. [8] Acquired megacolon, of which there are several possible causes: Idiopathic megacolon; Toxic megacolon; Megacolon secondary to infection. Clostridioides difficile infection; Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) Pheochromocytoma, possibly secondary to its presenting ...
High grade colitis may lead to severe complications, including perforation, toxic megacolon and death. Bleeding may occur due to colitis. Treatment with corticosteroids may lead to infectious complications, including: urinary tract infections, C. difficile infection, and pneumonia. [3]
Complications may include pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon, perforation of the colon, and sepsis. [1] Clostridioides difficile infection is spread by bacterial spores found within feces. [1] Surfaces may become contaminated with the spores with further spread occurring via the hands of healthcare workers. [1]
Overall, imaging tests, such as x-ray or CT scan, may be helpful in assessing for complications of ulcerative colitis, such as perforation or toxic megacolon. Bowel ultrasound (US) is a cost-effective, well-tolerated, non-invasive and readily available tool for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including UC, in ...
It has been postulated that reactivation of varicella zoster virus (which causes chickenpox and shingles) in the enteric ganglia may be a cause of Ogilvie syndrome. [11] Acute megacolon develops because of abnormal intestinal motility. Normal colonic motility requires integration of myogenic, neural, and hormonal influences.
Toxic megacolon paralyzes bowel movements or causes passing gas. Reactive arthritis, which is the inflammation of joints [13] Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a complication that occurs when bacteria enter the digestive system and produce toxins to destroy red blood cells that may cause bloody diarrhea as a symptom.
The signs and symptoms of colitis are quite variable and dependent on the cause of the given colitis and factors that modify its course and severity. [2]Common symptoms of colitis may include: mild to severe abdominal pains and tenderness (depending on the stage of the disease), persistent hemorrhagic diarrhea with pus either present or absent in the stools, fecal incontinence, flatulence ...