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Examples include doxing, revenge porn, and editing videos to remove important context or content. [23] Misinformation is information that was originally thought to be true but was later discovered not to be true, and often applies to emerging situations in which there is a lack of verifiable information or changing scientific understanding. [24]
Fake news websites are those which intentionally, but not necessarily solely, publish hoaxes and disinformation for purposes other than news satire.Some of these sites use homograph spoofing attacks, typosquatting and other deceptive strategies similar to those used in phishing attacks to resemble genuine news outlets.
According to Derakhshan, examples of malinformation can include "revenge porn, where the change of context from private to public is the sign of malicious intent", or providing false information about where and when a photograph was taken in order to mislead the viewer [3] (the picture is real, but the meta-information and its context is changed).
Misinformation and propaganda are not new, but they are prevalent in a more digital world. News swiftly comes across smartpho ne screens, and people consume so much information on social media daily.
Not the least of such mischief is the enactment of laws based on faux facts and extreme political posturing.
Be it finance, health care or politics, there is a global “infodemic” of misinformation that is affecting people’s health and well-being, according to the World Health Organization.
The Shorenstein Center at Harvard University defines disinformation research as an academic field that studies "the spread and impacts of misinformation, disinformation, and media manipulation," including "how it spreads through online and offline channels, and why people are susceptible to believing bad information, and successful strategies for mitigating its impact" [23] According to a 2023 ...
Fake news websites target United States audiences by using disinformation to create or inflame controversial topics such as the 2016 election. [1] [2] Most fake news websites target readers by impersonating or pretending to be real news organizations, which can lead to legitimate news organizations further spreading their message. [3]