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The Manila galleon trade route was inaugurated in 1565 after the Augustinian friar and navigator Andrés de Urdaneta pioneered the tornaviaje or return route from the Philippines to Mexico. Urdaneta and Alonso de Arellano made the first successful round trips that year, by taking advantage of the Kuroshio Current .
The Magellan expedition, sometimes termed the Magellan–Elcano expedition, was a 16th-century Spanish expedition planned and led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Its initial purpose was to cross the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to secure a trade route with the Moluccas , or Spice Islands, in present-day Indonesia .
The Magellan expedition (10 August or 20 September 1519 – 6 September 1522) was the first voyage around the world in human history. It was a Spanish expedition that sailed from Seville in 1519 under the initial command of Ferdinand Magellan , a Portuguese sailor, and completed in 1522 by Spanish Basque navigator Juan Sebastián Elcano .
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
The ocean was often called the Sea of Magellan in his honor until the eighteenth century. [9] From 1565 to 1815, a Spanish transpacific route known as the Manila galleons regularly crossed from Mexico to the Philippines and back. On the Asian side the Portuguese and later the Dutch built a regular trade from the East Indies to Japan.
The Spanish expedition of the Portuguese explorer Magellan was the first to cross the Pacific in 1521 and the one to give the ocean its name. After discovering and crossing the Strait of Magellan in November 1520, the expedition sailed northwest across the Pacific for over three months and reached the Philippines in March 1521.
Magellan was born in northern Portugal, possibly around 1480. [10] [note 1] His father, Pedro de Magalhães, was a minor member of Portuguese nobility [13] and mayor of the town. His mother was Alda de Mezquita. [14] Magellan's siblings included Diogo de Sousa and Isabel Magellan. [15] He was brought up as a page of Queen Eleanor, consort of ...
The Spaniards built trade routes from Mexico to the Philippines, primarily from their starting points of Acapulco and Puerto Vallarta, with their final destination being Manila, the current capital of the Philippines. The Spanish ships on these routes were known as the Manila galleons. [17]