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  2. Data Encryption Standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard

    The Data Encryption Standard (DES / ˌ d iː ˌ iː ˈ ɛ s, d ɛ z /) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of 56 bits makes it too insecure for modern applications, it has been highly influential in the advancement of cryptography.

  3. DES supplementary material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DES_supplementary_material

    This table lists the eight S-boxes used in DES. Each S-box replaces a 6-bit input with a 4-bit output. Given a 6-bit input, the 4-bit output is found by selecting the row using the outer two bits, and the column using the inner four bits.

  4. EFF DES cracker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFF_DES_cracker

    In cryptography, the EFF DES cracker (nicknamed "Deep Crack") is a machine built by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) in 1998, to perform a brute force search of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher's key space – that is, to decrypt an encrypted message by trying every possible key.

  5. Triple DES - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_DES

    In cryptography, Triple DES (3DES or TDES), officially the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which applies the DES cipher algorithm three times to each data block. The 56-bit key of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) is no longer considered adequate in the face of modern cryptanalytic ...

  6. DES-X - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DES-X

    In cryptography, DES-X (or DESX) is a variant on the DES (Data Encryption Standard) symmetric-key block cipher intended to increase the complexity of a brute-force attack. The technique used to increase the complexity is called key whitening. The original DES algorithm was specified in 1976 with a 56-bit key size: 2 56 possibilities for the key.

  7. Advanced Encryption Standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard

    It supersedes the Data Encryption Standard (DES), [9] which was published in 1977. The algorithm described by AES is a symmetric-key algorithm , meaning the same key is used for both encrypting and decrypting the data.

  8. Key schedule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_schedule

    DES has a key schedule in which the 56-bit key is divided into two 28-bit halves; each half is thereafter treated separately. In successive rounds, both halves are rotated left by one or two bits (specified for each round), and then 48 round key bits are selected by Permuted Choice 2 (PC-2) – 24 bits from the left half and 24 from the right.

  9. Cryptography standards - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography_standards

    FIPS PUB 171 Key Management Using ANSI X9.17 (ANSI X9.17-1985) 1992, based on DES; FIPS PUB 180-2 Secure Hash Standard (SHS) 2002 defines the SHA family; FIPS PUB 181 Automated Password Generator (APG) 1993; FIPS PUB 185 Escrowed Encryption Standard (EES) 1994, a key escrow system that provides for decryption of telecommunications when lawfully ...