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The Tusculum portrait, also called the Tusculum bust, is the only extant portrait of Julius Caesar which may have been made during his lifetime. [1] It is also one of the two accepted portraits of Caesar (alongside the Chiaramonti Caesar) which were made before the beginning of the Roman Empire. [2]
The uncompromising realism of the portrait places it in the tradition of late Republican Roman portrait and genre sculptures of the 1st century BC. The archaeologists who discovered the bust claimed that it was a portrait of Julius Caesar, and dated it to approximately 46 BC, making it the oldest known representation of Caesar, according to France's Minister of Culture, Christine Albanel. [2]
Gaius Julius Caesar [a] (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC.
The ancient Roman busts of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra in the Altes Museum, Berlin. Caesar is referred to in some of the poems of Catullus (ca. 84 – 54 BC); The Commentarii de Bello Gallico (ca. 58 – 49 BC) and the Commentarii de Bello Civili (ca. 40 BC) are two autobiographical works Caesar used to justify his actions and cement popular support
The Chiaramonti Caesar is one of the two accepted portraits of Julius Caesar from before the age of the Roman Empire, alongside the Tusculum portrait. [1] [2] The bust has influenced the iconography of Caesar and given the name to the Chiaramonti-Pisa type, one of the two main types of facial portraits that can be seen of Caesar in modern days. [3]
The actual circumstances of the portrait's creation are unclear. Many archaeologists place it in the first century BC, but the majority prefer the first century AD, in the early Imperial period . [ citation needed ] It was probably made in Egypt, since the green slate it is made of derives from Upper Egypt .
A site called Largo di Torre Argentina in Rome, Italy, contains the steps where Julius Caesar was killed more than 2,000 years ago; it is also currently home to about 250 stray cats.. According to ...
"Friends, Romans": Orson Welles' Broadway production of Caesar (1937), a modern-dress production that evoked comparison to contemporary Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears" is the first line of a speech by Mark Antony in the play Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare.