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sill - a stud sized member forming the base of a window assembly or the base of wall. mudsill - a stud sized member that forms the base of a wall and has been treated against insects and decay. top plate or double top plate - a stud sized member that forms the top of the wall. In cases where other members must bear or brace on the top of the ...
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
Lower wall plates, base plate, floor plate, or bottom plate [4] — a second lower wall plate to which the wall studs are through nailed and which is the bottom of the wall section when assembled as a rectangular assembly. On an upper story, the lower wall plate is nailed to the platform of the supporting floor. The supporting platform is being ...
In modern wood construction, sills usually come in sizes of 2×4, 2×6, 2×8, and 2×10. In stick framing, the sill is made of treated lumber, and is anchored to the foundation wall, often with J-bolts, to keep the building from coming off the foundation during a severe storm or earthquake. Building codes require that the bottom of the sill ...
wall-plates (at the top of timber-framed walls that support the trusses and joists of the roof). When jettying, horizontal elements can include: The jetty bressummer (or breastsummer), where the main sill (horizontal piece) on which the projecting wall above rests, stretches across the whole width of the jetty wall. The bressummer is itself ...
Lath and plaster is a building process used to finish mainly interior dividing walls and ceilings. It consists of narrow strips of wood which are nailed horizontally across the wall studs or ceiling joists and then coated in plaster. The technique derives from an earlier, more primitive process called wattle and daub. [1]
3 During the past twenty years, the United States, like many other countries, has seen a dramatic increase in obesity. In 1991, only four states had obesity prevalence rates as high as 15-
This section provides requirements for non-residential construction applications, such as wood used above ground (e.g., for framing, decks, stairs, etc.), as well as other applications. There are four recommended methods to protect wood-frame structures against durability hazards and thus provide maximum service life for the building.