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Flash freezing being used for cryopreservation. Flash freezing is used in the food industry to quickly freeze perishable food items (see frozen food). In this case, food items are subjected to temperatures well below [clarification needed] the freezing point of water. Thus, smaller ice crystals are formed, causing less damage to cell membranes. [4]
Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) is a water desalination process that distills sea water by flashing a portion of the water into steam in multiple stages of what are essentially countercurrent heat exchangers. Current MSF facilities may have as many as 30 stages.
Tankless water heaters — also called instantaneous, continuous flow, inline, flash, on-demand, or instant-on water heaters — are water heaters that instantly heat water as it flows through the device, and do not retain any water internally except for what is in the heat exchanger coil unless the unit is equipped with an internal buffer tank.
Freezing is a common method of food preservation that slows both food decay and the growth of micro-organisms. Besides the effect of lower temperatures on reaction rates, freezing makes water less available for bacteria growth. Freezing is a widely used method of food preservation. Freezing generally preserves flavours, smell and nutritional ...
"Freeze-Thaw resistance". Polymers in Concrete. CRC Press. pp. 40–42. ISBN 9780849348150. J. Marchand; Michel Pigeon; M. Setzer (1997). Freeze–thaw Durability of Concrete. Proceedings of the International Workshop in the Resistance of Concrete to Scaling Due to Freezing in the Presence of De-icing Salts, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada.
Joule heating is a flash pasteurization (also called "high-temperature short-time" (HTST)) aseptic process that runs an alternating current of 50–60 Hz through food. [8] Heat is generated through the food's electrical resistance.
A relatively fast fluid velocity (10–30 m/s) [2] is usually required in FR operations to encourage a continuous particle distribution throughout the reactor's vessel. . This minimizes the column's slip velocity (average velocity difference of different fluids in a pipe), providing a positive impact on heat and mass transfer rates and allowing for the use of smaller diameter vessels which can ...
A typical glass-tube immersion style aquarium heater. An aquarium heater is a device used in the fishkeeping hobby to warm the temperature of water in aquariums. [1] Most tropical freshwater and marine aquariums are maintained at temperatures that range from 22 to 30 °C (72 to 86 °F).