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The dual space as defined above is defined for all vector spaces, and to avoid ambiguity may also be called the algebraic dual space. When defined for a topological vector space, there is a subspace of the dual space, corresponding to continuous linear functionals, called the continuous dual space.
What follows are two results which will imply that an extended signed measure is the difference of two non-negative measures, and a finite signed measure is the difference of two finite non-negative measures. The Hahn decomposition theorem states that given a signed measure μ, there exist two measurable sets P and N such that: P∪N = X and P ...
The classical definition of a locally integrable function involves only measure theoretic and topological [4] concepts and can be carried over abstract to complex-valued functions on a topological measure space (X, Σ, μ): [5] however, since the most common application of such functions is to distribution theory on Euclidean spaces, [2] all ...
Let B(Σ) be the space of bounded Σ-measurable functions, equipped with the uniform norm. Then ba(Σ) = B(Σ)* is the continuous dual space of B(Σ). This is due to Hildebrandt [4] and Fichtenholtz & Kantorovich. [5] This is a kind of Riesz representation theorem which allows for a measure to be represented as a linear functional on measurable ...
The Frobenius norm defined by ‖ ‖ = = = | | = = = {,} is self-dual, i.e., its dual norm is ‖ ‖ ′ = ‖ ‖.. The spectral norm, a special case of the induced norm when =, is defined by the maximum singular values of a matrix, that is, ‖ ‖ = (), has the nuclear norm as its dual norm, which is defined by ‖ ‖ ′ = (), for any matrix where () denote the singular values ...
In simple economic models, it is common to assume that there is only a finite number of different commodities, e.g. houses, fruits, cars, etc., so every bundle can be represented by a finite vector, and the consumption set is a vector space with a finite dimension. But in reality, the number of different commodities may be infinite.
In mathematics (specifically in measure theory), a Radon measure, named after Johann Radon, is a measure on the σ-algebra of Borel sets of a Hausdorff topological space X that is finite on all compact sets, outer regular on all Borel sets, and inner regular on open sets. [1]
To distinguish the ordinary dual space from the continuous dual space, the former is sometimes called the algebraic dual space. In finite dimensions, every linear functional is continuous, so the continuous dual is the same as the algebraic dual, but in infinite dimensions the continuous dual is a proper subspace of the algebraic dual.