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The International Space Station (ISS) is a large space station that was assembled and is maintained in low Earth orbit by a collaboration of five space agencies and their contractors: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), ESA (Europe), JAXA (Japan), and CSA (Canada).
For example, the International Space Station has been connected to the regular terrestrial Internet since January 22, 2010 when the first unassisted tweet was posted. [33] However, the space station also serves as a useful platform to develop, experiment, and implement systems that make up the interplanetary Internet.
How satellite internet works. Satellite Internet generally relies on three primary components: a satellite – historically in geostationary orbit (or GEO) but now increasingly in Low Earth orbit (LEO) or Medium Earth orbit MEO) [23] – a number of ground stations known as gateways that relay Internet data to and from the satellite via radio waves (), and further ground stations to serve each ...
TDRS Program Logo Location of TDRS as of March 2019 An unflown TDRS on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia.. The U.S. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS, pronounced "T-driss") is a network of American communications satellites (each called a tracking and data relay satellite, TDRS) and ground stations used by NASA for space communications.
Uninterrupted occupation has been sustained since the operational transition from the Mir to the International Space Station (ISS), with its first occupation in 2000. [ 1 ] Currently there are two fully operational space stations – the ISS and China 's Tiangong Space Station (TSS), which have been occupied since October 2000 with Expedition 1 ...
“The Kuiper System’s broadband communication service will enable reliable Internet connectivity to homes, schools, hospitals, libraries, and government facilities, both at fixed locations and ...
Inter-satellite service to Earth directly or via three relay satellites orbit. Inter-satellite service, also known as inter-satellite radiocommunication service, as defined by Article 1.22 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR), is a radiocommunication service providing links between artificial satellites. [1]
The process of assembling the International Space Station (ISS) has been under way since the 1990s. Zarya , the first ISS module, was launched by a Proton rocket on 20 November 1998. The STS-88 Space Shuttle mission followed two weeks after Zarya was launched, bringing Unity , the first of three node modules, and connecting it to Zarya .