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Using his extensive measurements of the properties of gases, [6] [7] Mendeleev also calculated it with high precision, within 0.3% of its modern value. [8] The gas constant occurs in the ideal gas law: = = where P is the absolute pressure, V is the volume of gas, n is the amount of substance, m is the mass, and T is the thermodynamic temperature.
The ideal gas law, ... is the amount of substance; and is the ideal gas constant. It can also be ... R has for value 8.314 J/(mol ...
The ideal gas law is the equation of state for an ideal gas, given by: = where P is the pressure; V is the volume; n is the amount of substance of the gas (in moles) T is the absolute temperature; R is the gas constant, which must be expressed in units consistent with those chosen for pressure, volume and temperature.
It states that, for a given mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, assuming in a closed system. The statement of Charles' law is as follows: the volume (V) of a given mass of a gas, at constant pressure (P), is directly proportional to its temperature (T).
Macroscopically, the ideal gas law states that, for an ideal gas, the product of pressure p and volume V is proportional to the product of amount of substance n and absolute temperature T: =, where R is the molar gas constant (8.314 462 618 153 24 J⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1). [4]
Ideal gas law: p = pressure; V = volume of container; T = temperature; n = amount of substance; R = gas constant; N = number of molecules; k = Boltzmann constant = = ...
For example, terrestrial air is primarily made up of diatomic gases (around 78% nitrogen, N 2, and 21% oxygen, O 2), and at standard conditions it can be considered to be an ideal gas. The above value of 1.4 is highly consistent with the measured adiabatic indices for dry air within a temperature range of 0–200 °C, exhibiting a deviation of ...
Technical literature can be confusing because many authors fail to explain whether they are using the ideal gas constant R, or the specific gas constant R s. The relationship between the two constants is R s = R / m, where m is the molecular mass of the gas. The US Standard Atmosphere (USSA) uses 8.31432 m 3 ·Pa/(mol·K) as the value of R.