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Tooth development begins at week 6 in utero, in the oral epithelium. The process is divided into three stages: Initiation; Morphogenesis and; Histogenesis [2]; At the end of week 7 i.u., localised proliferations of cells in the dental laminae form round and oval swellings known as tooth buds, which will eventually develop into mesenchymal cells and surround the enamel organ.
Since enamel is semitranslucent, the color of dentin and any restorative dental material underneath the enamel strongly affects the appearance of a tooth. Enamel varies in thickness over the surface of the tooth and is often thickest at the cusp, up to 2.5mm, and thinnest at its border, which is seen clinically as the CEJ. [10]
The tooth bud (sometimes called the tooth germ) is an aggregation of cells that eventually forms a tooth and is organized into three parts: the enamel organ, the dental papilla and the dental follicle. [3] The enamel organ is composed of the outer enamel epithelium, inner enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum and stratum intermedium. [3]
This marks the first appearance of enamel in the body. Ameloblasts make enamel at the location of where the cusps of the teeth are located. Enamel grows outwards, away from the center of the tooth. [citation needed] In the maturation stage, the ameloblasts transport some of the substances used in enamel formation out of the enamel.
Coronal cementum - where the enamel overlaps the cement. Abutment - It is also known as vis a vis relation, where the cement and enamel meet at the butt joint, occurring in 30% of sections, and the least common, occurring in 10% of sections. Gap between cementum and enamel exposing the dentin. [5]
The enamel organ → purely the epithelial component; The tissues which have been derived from each of the three components are: The dental follicle → will develop to become the periodontal ligament, the cementum and the alveolar bone; The dental papilla → will develop to become the dental pulp and the dentine; The enamel organ → will ...
Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and contains the highest percentage of minerals (at 96%), [2] with water and organic material composing the rest. [3] The primary mineral is hydroxyapatite , which is a crystalline calcium phosphate . [ 4 ]
The sheath is also responsible for multiple or accessory roots (medial growth) and lateral or accessory canals in the root (break in epithelium). [3] It is controversial, but HERS may be involved in cementogenesis and the secreting of cementum, or that HERS-derived products might be related to enamel-related molecules, and that these proteins might initiate acellular cementum formation.