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Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles. [ 2 ] Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids , the majority of drugs, most biomass ( cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.
In organic chemistry, a variety of synthetic procedures are particularly useful in closing carbocyclic and other rings; these are termed ring-closing reactions. Examples include: alkyne trimerisation; the Bergman cyclization of an enediyne; the Diels–Alder, between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene, and other cycloaddition reactions;
Typical O-ring and application. An O-ring, also known as a packing or a toric joint, is a mechanical gasket in the shape of a torus; it is a loop of elastomer with a round cross-section, designed to be seated in a groove and compressed during assembly between two or more parts, forming a seal at the interface.
Such reactions often install a hydroxyl group (an –OH functional group) on the carbon across from the ring nitrogen (i.e., the C-4 positions). An example of such a synthesis is the Camps cyclization, which, depending on starting materials and reaction conditions, can give both 2-hydroxyquinolines (B) and 4-hydroxyquinolines (A) as shown. The ...
Oxetane, or 1,3-propylene oxide, is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C 3 H 6 O, having a four-membered ring with three carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. The term "an oxetane" or "oxetanes" refer to any organic compound containing the oxetane ring.
is an alkaline solution of potassium permanganate; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds; N-Bromosuccinimide: used in radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry. Also acts as a mild oxidizer to oxidize benzylic or allylic alcohols.
Many compounds containing metals in rings are known, for example chelate rings. Usually, such compounds are not classified as metallacycles, but the naming conventions are not rigidly followed. Within the area of coordination chemistry and supramolecular chemistry, examples include metallacrowns, metallacryptands, metallahelices, and molecular ...
A homocycle or homocyclic ring is a ring in which all atoms are of the same chemical element. [1] A heterocycle or heterocyclic ring is a ring containing atoms of at least two different elements, i.e. a non-homocyclic ring. [2] A carbocycle or carbocyclic ring is a homocyclic ring in which all of the atoms are carbon. [3]