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A context effect is an aspect of cognitive psychology that describes the influence of environmental factors on one's perception of a stimulus. [1] The impact of context effects is considered to be part of top-down design. The concept is supported by the theoretical approach to perception known as constructive perception. Context effects can ...
The page to be moved to this name is Bottom–up and top–down design Reason for move: Per talk page, these are compound adjectives and should have hyphens, not dashes. Asserted to be non-controversial maintenance.
Heinz Werner's orthogenetic principle is a foundation for current theories of developmental psychology [1] and developmental psychopathology. [2] [3] Initially proposed in 1940, [4] it was formulated in 1957 [5] [6] and states that "wherever development occurs it proceeds from a state of relative globality and lack of differentiation to a state of increasing differentiation, articulation, and ...
In psychology, the four stages of competence, or the "conscious competence" learning model, relates to the psychological states involved in the process of progressing from incompetence to competence in a skill. People may have several skills, some unrelated to each other, and each skill will typically be at one of the stages at a given time.
An example of a non-Western model for development stages is the Indian model, focusing a large amount of its psychological research on morality and interpersonal progress. The developmental stages in Indian models are founded by Hinduism, which primarily teaches stages of life in the process of someone discovering their fate or Dharma . [ 164 ]
Biased competition theory advocates the idea that each object in the visual field competes for cortical representation and cognitive processing. [1] This theory suggests that the process of visual processing can be biased by other mental processes such as bottom-up and top-down systems which prioritize certain features of an object or whole items for attention and further processing.
The development of the human mind is complex and a debated subject, and may take place in a continuous or discontinuous fashion. [4] Continuous development, like the height of a child, is measurable and quantitative, while discontinuous development is qualitative, like hair or skin color, where those traits fall only under a few specific phenotypes. [5]
The Gibsonian ecological theory of development is a theory of development that was created by American psychologist Eleanor J. Gibson during the 1960s and 1970s. Gibson emphasized the importance of environment and context in learning and, together with husband and fellow psychologist James J. Gibson, argued that perception was crucial as it allowed humans to adapt to their environments.