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Polymer nanoscience is the study and application of nanoscience to polymer-nanoparticle matrices, where nanoparticles are those with at least one dimension of less than 100 nm. The transition from micro- to nano-particles lead to change in its physical as well as chemical properties.
For some applications, nanoparticles may be characterized in complex matrices such as water, soil, food, polymers, inks, complex mixtures of organic liquids such as in cosmetics, or blood. [132] [133] There are several overall categories of methods used to characterize nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles such as graphene, [20] carbon nanotubes, [21] molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide are being used as reinforcing agents to fabricate mechanically strong biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering applications. The addition of these nanoparticles in the polymer matrix at low concentrations (~0.2 ...
A nanogel is a polymer-based, crosslinked hydrogel particle on the sub-micron scale. [1] [2] [3] These complex networks of polymers present a unique opportunity in the field of drug delivery at the intersection of nanoparticles and hydrogel synthesis.
Researchers from Rice University and State University of New York – Stony Brook have shown that the addition of low weight % of carbon nanotubes can lead to significant improvements in the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites for applications in tissue engineering including bone, [6] [7] [8] cartilage, [9] muscle [10] and nerve tissue.
The application potential of nanoparticles in catalysis ranges from fuel cell to catalytic converters and photocatalytic devices. Catalysis is also important for the production of chemicals. For example, nanoparticles with a distinct chemical surrounding , or specific optical properties. [citation needed]
Common synthetic polymeric nanoparticles include polyacrylamide, [8] polyacrylate, [9] and chitosan. [10] Drug molecules can be incorporated either during or after polymerization. Depending on the polymerization chemistry, the drug can be covalently bonded, encapsulated in a hydrophobic core, or conjugated electrostatically.
Application of nanomotor implants have been proposed to achieve thorough disinfection of the dentine. [21] [22] In vivo imaging is also a key part in nanomedicine, as nanoparticles can be used as contrast agents for common imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography ...