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The symbolic representation of a V weld of chamfered plates in a technical drawing. The symbols and conventions used in welding documentation are specified in national and international standards such as ISO 2553 Welded, brazed and soldered joints -- Symbolic representation on drawings and ISO 4063 Welding and allied processes -- Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers.
Welding - General tolerances for welded constructions - Dimensions for lengths and angles - Shape and position ISO 14112: Gas welding equipment - Small kits for gas brazing and welding ISO 14175: Welding consumables — Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes. Replaced EN 439:1994 in Europe. ISO 14341: Welding consumables.
Pipes and tubing can be made from rolling and welding together strips, sheets, or plates of material. [4] Flare-groove joints are used for welding metals that, because of their shape, form a convenient groove for welding, such as a pipe against a flat surface. Selection of the right weld joint depends on the thickness and process used.
Electron beam welding: 51 511: EBW Deep penetration, fast, high equipment cost Electroslag welding: 72: ESW Welds thick workpieces quickly, vertical position, steel only, continuous consumable electrode Heavy plate fabrication, construction, shipbuilding Flow welding (previously cast welding)
The process is normally limited to the flat or horizontal-fillet welding positions [2] (although horizontal groove position welds have been done with a special arrangement to support the flux). Deposition rates approaching 45 kg/h (100 lb/h) have been reported — this compares to ~5 kg/h (10 lb/h) (max) for shielded metal arc welding.
Comparing signature images from moment to moment in a weld provides a useful estimate of how stable the welding process is. [17] [18] "Through-the-arc" sensing, by comparing signature images when the physical parameters of the process change, leads to quantitative estimates—for example, of the position of the weld bead. [19]
Other arc welding processes include atomic hydrogen welding, electroslag welding (ESW), electrogas welding, and stud arc welding. [46] ESW is a highly productive, single-pass welding process for thicker materials between 1 inch (25 mm) and 12 inches (300 mm) in a vertical or close to vertical position.
Joining opposed to welding, is a general term and there are several methods available for joining metals, including riveting, soldering, adhesive, brazing, coupling, fastening, press fit. Welding is only one type of joining process. [96] Solid-state weld - connect below the melting point, welder - welding machine, but also mean a person who ...