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The pulmonary artery pressure (PA pressure) is a measure of the blood pressure found in the main pulmonary artery. This is measured by inserting a catheter into the main pulmonary artery. [ 13 ] : 190–191 The mean pressure is typically 9–18 mmHg, [ 14 ] and the wedge pressure measured in the left atrium may be 6–12 mmHg.
The main pulmonary trunk divides into the left and the right pulmonary artery. Pulmonary artery agenesis refers to the absence of one or both pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary artery agenesis refers to a rare congenital absence of pulmonary artery due to a malformation in the sixth aortic arch. It can occur bilaterally, with both left and right ...
CTPA was introduced in the 1990s as an alternative to ventilation/perfusion scanning (V/Q scan), which relies on radionuclide imaging of the blood vessels of the lung. It is regarded as a highly sensitive and specific test for pulmonary embolism. [1] CTPA is typically only requested if pulmonary embolism is suspected clinically.
The aortopulmonary space is a small space between the aortic arch and the pulmonary artery. It contains the ligamentum arteriosum , the recurrent laryngeal nerve , lymph nodes , and fatty tissue . [ 1 ]
Pulmonary embolism is occlusion or partial occlusion of the pulmonary artery or its branches by an embolus, usually from the embolization of a blood clot from deep vein thrombosis. [10] It can cause difficulty breathing or chest pain, is usually diagnosed through a CT pulmonary angiography or V/Q scan , and is often treated with anticoagulants ...
In the latter case, it is termed as isolated aortopulmonary collateral artery. [3] In these cases, it may be one of the causes of congestive cardiac failure in neonates. [3] The pulmonary arteries stem from the right side of the heart and usually carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs.
Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a fluoroscopy technique used in interventional radiology to clearly visualize blood vessels in a bony or dense soft tissue environment. Images are produced using contrast medium by subtracting a "pre-contrast image" or mask from subsequent images, once the contrast medium has been introduced into a ...
One of the most common angiograms performed is to visualize the coronary arteries. A long, thin, flexible tube called a catheter is used to administer the X-ray contrast agent at the desired area to be visualized. The catheter is threaded into an artery in the forearm, and the tip is advanced through the arterial system into the major coronary ...