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Proofs from THE BOOK is a book of mathematical proofs by Martin Aigner and Günter M. Ziegler. The book is dedicated to the mathematician Paul Erdős, who often referred to "The Book" in which God keeps the most elegant proof of each mathematical theorem. During a lecture in 1985, Erdős said, "You don't have to believe in God, but you should ...
Bayesian statistics are based on a different philosophical approach for proof of inference.The mathematical formula for Bayes's theorem is: [|] = [|] [] []The formula is read as the probability of the parameter (or hypothesis =h, as used in the notation on axioms) “given” the data (or empirical observation), where the horizontal bar refers to "given".
The proof can be found in Page 126 (Theorem 5.3.4) of the book by Kai Lai Chung. [13] However, for a sequence of mutually independent random variables, convergence in probability does not imply almost sure convergence. [14] The dominated convergence theorem gives sufficient conditions for almost sure convergence to imply L 1-convergence:
Proofs That Really Count: the Art of Combinatorial Proof is an undergraduate-level mathematics book on combinatorial proofs of mathematical identies.That is, it concerns equations between two integer-valued formulas, shown to be equal either by showing that both sides of the equation count the same type of mathematical objects, or by finding a one-to-one correspondence between the different ...
99 Variations on a Proof is a mathematics book by Philip Ording, in which he proves the same result in 99 different ways. Ording takes an example of a cubic equation , x 3 − 6 x 2 + 11 x − 6 = 2 x − 2 , {\displaystyle x^{3}-6x^{2}+11x-6=2x-2,} and shows that its solutions are x = 1 {\displaystyle x=1} and x = 4 {\displaystyle x=4} using a ...
As statistics and data sets have become more complex, [a] [b] questions have arisen regarding the validity of models and the inferences drawn from them. There is a wide range of conflicting opinions on modelling. Models can be based on scientific theory or ad hoc data analysis, each employing different methods. Advocates exist for each approach ...
Maximum likelihood estimation is a generic technique for estimating the unknown parameters in a statistical model by constructing a log-likelihood function corresponding to the joint distribution of the data, then maximizing this function over all possible parameter values. In order to apply this method, we have to make an assumption about the ...
Consistently-formatted table for presenting information about books Template parameters [Edit template data] This template has custom formatting. Parameter Description Type Status Name name Book title Default Pagename String optional Image image Image (prefer 1st edition where permitted). Use bare filename. File suggested Author author authors Author(s) of the book (should be link to their ...