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The earliest known production is the 1969 calendar printed in the Meretricious fanzine in December 1968. It was illustrated by Tim Kirk. [1]Ian and Betty Ballantine of Ballantine Books, publishers of The Lord of the Rings in the United States from the 1960s, brought out a Tolkien Calendar in 1973; Ian Ballantine sent a copy to J. R. R. Tolkien, explaining that he always aimed to please the author.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the real-world history and notable fictional elements of J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy universe.It covers materials created by Tolkien; the works on his unpublished manuscripts, by his son Christopher Tolkien; and films, games and other media created by other people.
Foster attributes the surge of Tolkien fandom in the United States of the mid-1960s to a combination of the hippie subculture and anti-war movement pursuing "mellow freedom like that of the Shire" and "America's cultural Anglophilia" of the time, fuelled by a bootleg paperback version of The Lord of the Rings published by Ace Books followed up by an authorised edition by Ballantine Books. [8]
The Tolkien Gateway is a fan wiki that documents all the characters, places, objects, and events in J.R.R. Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth, with citations to Tolkien's texts. It provides some coverage of related non-Tolkien items such as films, actors, games, music, images, and scholarly books. [ 4 ]
Arda began as a symmetrical flat disc, and was repeatedly transformed through cataclysmic interventions by the Valar and by the creator, Eru Ilúvatar.. Tolkien's stories chronicle the struggle to control the world (called Arda) and the continent of Middle-earth between, on one side, the angelic Valar, the Elves and their allies among Men; and, on the other, the demonic Melkor or Morgoth (a ...
Tolkien admired these, purchasing "Battle of the Hornburg II". [ a ] Blok went on to create over 100 paintings of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings , selling many of them. In 2011, Pieter Collier collected images of all of these paintings that he could trace, publishing them in the book A Tolkien Tapestry .
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The Brothers Hildebrandt created many Tolkien artworks in the 1970s, a selection appearing in their Tolkien Calendars. [76] [77] [78] In Russia, Alexander Korotich created a set of scraperboard illustrations for The Lord of the Rings. He also drew illustrations for a collection of Tolkien's fairy tales for the Ural Market publishing house. [79]