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The letter m has three, the left, middle, and right stems. The central stroke of an s is known as the spine. [6] When the stroke is part of a lowercase [4] and rises above the height of an x (the x height), it is known as an ascender. [7] Letters with ascenders are b d f h k l. A stroke which drops below the baseline is a descender. [7]
Letters, especially those with a signature and/or on an organization's own notepaper, are more difficult to falsify than is an email, and thus provide much better evidence of the contents of the communication. A letter in the sender's own handwriting is more personal than an e-mail and shows that the sender has taken the effort to write it.
The No. 10 envelope is the standard business envelope size in the United States. [6] PWG 5101.1 [7] also lists the following even inch sizes for envelopes: 6 × 9, 7 × 9, 9 × 11, 9 × 12, 10 × 13, 10 × 14 and 10 × 15. Envelopes accepted by the U.S. Postal Service for mailing at the price of a letter must be: Rectangular
In typography and handwriting, an ascender is the portion of a minuscule letter in a Latin-derived alphabet that extends above the mean line of a font. That is, the part of a lower-case letter that is taller than the font's x-height. Ascenders, together with descenders, increase the recognizability of words.
A letter is a type of grapheme, the smallest functional unit within a writing system.Letters are graphemes that broadly correspond to phonemes, the smallest functional units of sound in speech.
Most letters with hook are used in the International Phonetic Alphabet, and many languages use them (along with capitals) representing the same sounds. The hook often attaches to the top part of the letter, curling to the left or to the right, finishing the ascender if present.
Descenders are parts of a character that lie below the baseline. In typography and handwriting , a descender is the portion of a letter that extends below the baseline of a font . For example, in the letter y , the descender is the "tail", or that portion of the diagonal line which lies below the v created by the two lines converging.
Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet, based on the Latin alphabet, introduced a number of new letters as part of a wider proposal to reform English orthography. Other proposals have gone further, proposing entirely new scripts for written English to replace the Latin alphabet such as the Deseret alphabet and the Shavian alphabet .