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Sir James Chadwick (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for his discovery of the neutron. In 1941, he wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report , which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atom bomb research efforts.
The masses of the deuteron and proton were known; Chadwick and Goldhaber used values 2.0142 Da and 1.0081 Da, respectively. They found that the neutron's mass was slightly greater than the mass of the proton 1.0084 Da or 1.0090 Da , depending on the precise value used for the deuteron mass. [ 7 ]
The neutron was discovered by James Chadwick at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in February 1932. [1] [2] Two months later, his Cavendish colleagues John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton split lithium atoms with accelerated protons.
Initially it was thought to be high-energy gamma radiation, since gamma radiation had a similar effect on electrons in metals, but James Chadwick found that the ionization effect was too strong for it to be due to electromagnetic radiation, so long as energy and momentum were conserved in the interaction. In 1932, Chadwick exposed various ...
Gonville and Caius College at the University of Cambridge Crest of Gonville and Caius College. The following is a list of notable people educated at Gonville and Caius College at the University of Cambridge, including alumni of Gonville Hall, as the college was known from 1348 to 1351, and notable alumni since.
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The discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932 created a new means of nuclear transmutation. Enrico Fermi and his colleagues in Rome studied the results of bombarding uranium with neutrons, and Fermi concluded that his experiments had created new elements with 93 and 94 protons, which his group dubbed ausenium and hesperium.