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Crookes X-ray tube from around 1910 Another Crookes x-ray tube. The device attached to the neck of the tube (right) is an "osmotic softener". When the voltage applied to a Crookes tube is high enough, around 5,000 volts or greater, [16] it can accelerate the electrons to a high enough velocity to create X-rays when they hit the anode or the glass wall of the tube.
English: Schematic diagram of a Crookes tube. This was a cold cathode discharge tube invented by William Crookes and other physicists around the 1870s in which cathode rays (electrons) were discovered. It consisted of a partially evacuated glass tube with two electrodes.
Image:Crookes tube2 diagram.svg shows an alternate circuit using a separate anode electrode where the cross is not connected to the power supply. References Dahl, Per F. (1997) Flash of the Cathode Rays: A History of J.J. Thomson's Electron , CRC Press, pp. 72 ISBN : 0750304537 .
X-ray tubes evolved from experimental Crookes tubes with which X-rays were first discovered on November 8, 1895, by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The first-generation cold cathode or Crookes X-ray tubes were used until the 1920s. These tubes work by ionisation of residual gas within the tube.
A diagram showing a Crookes tube connected to a high voltage supply. The Maltese cross has no external electrical connection. The Maltese cross has no external electrical connection. Cathode rays are so named because they are emitted by the negative electrode, or cathode , in a vacuum tube.
A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams that are manipulated to display images on a phosphorescent screen. [2] The images may represent electrical waveforms on an oscilloscope , a frame of video on an analog television set (TV), digital raster graphics on a computer monitor , or ...
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Sir William Crookes (/ k r ʊ k s /; 17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919) was an English chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, [1] now part of Imperial College London, and worked on spectroscopy. He was a pioneer of vacuum tubes, inventing the Crookes tube, which was made in 1875. This was a foundational discovery that ...