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  2. Lanthanide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide

    Lanthanide ions are used as the active ions in luminescent materials used in optoelectronics applications, most notably the Nd:YAG laser. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are significant devices in optical-fiber communication systems. Phosphors with lanthanide dopants are also widely used in cathode-ray tube technology such as television sets. The ...

  3. Lanthanide compounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_compounds

    Lanthanide metals react exothermically with hydrogen to form LnH 2, dihydrides. [1] With the exception of Eu and Yb, which resemble the Ba and Ca hydrides (non-conducting, transparent salt-like compounds),they form black pyrophoric, conducting compounds [6] where the metal sub-lattice is face centred cubic and the H atoms occupy tetrahedral sites. [1]

  4. Lanthanum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum

    Lanthanum, like the other lanthanides, is known to affect human metabolism, lowering cholesterol levels, blood pressure, appetite, and risk of blood coagulation. When injected into the brain, it acts as a painkiller, similarly to morphine and other opiates, though the mechanism behind this is still unknown. [ 80 ]

  5. Rare-earth element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_element

    The use of X-ray spectra (obtained by X-ray crystallography) by Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley made it possible to assign atomic numbers to the elements. Moseley found that the exact number of lanthanides had to be 15, but that element 61 had not yet been discovered. (This is promethium, a radioactive element whose most stable isotope has a half ...

  6. Organolanthanide chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organolanthanide_chemistry

    The lanthanide ions in these complexes can readily react with oxygen and water, leading to oxidation or hydrolysis, which damages the material’s structure and reduces its efficiency. This makes handling and storage difficult, requiring protective environments like sealed containers or inert gas atmospheres.

  7. Lanthanide probes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_probes

    The fluorescence of lanthanide salts is weak because the energy absorption of the metallic ion is low; hence chelated complexes of lanthanides are most commonly used. [3] The term chelate derives from the Greek word for “claw,” and is applied to name ligands, which attach to a metal ion with two or more donor atoms through dative bonds.

  8. Lanthanum oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum_oxide

    Lanthanum oxide is used as an additive to develop certain ferroelectric materials, such as La-doped bismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 - BLT). Lanthanum oxide is used in optical materials; often the optical glasses are doped with La 2 O 3 to improve the glass' refractive index, chemical durability, and mechanical strength.

  9. Lutetium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutetium

    Lutetium salts are known to occur together with other lanthanide salts in nature; the element is the least abundant in the human body of all lanthanides. [39] Human diets have not been monitored for lutetium content, so it is not known how much the average human takes in, but estimations show the amount is only about several micrograms per year ...