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Side effects may include bleeding, most commonly from the nose, gastrointestinal tract (GI) or genitourinary system. [2] Compared to the risk of bleeding with warfarin use, direct factor Xa inhibitors have a higher risk of GI bleeding, but lower risk of bleeding in the brain . [ 2 ]
The first protease inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ritonavir: Norvir: AbbVie: U.S. patent 5,541,206: March 1, 1996: AbbVie was part of Abbott Laboratories when patent was granted. As well as being a protease inhibitor in its own right, ritonavir inhibits the breakdown of other protease inhibitors.
A 2013 Cochrane review found a decrease in risk of death and other poor outcomes without any evidence of harm. [4] For every 138 people treated for 5 years, one fewer dies; for every 49 treated, one fewer has an episode of heart disease. [11] A 2011 review reached similar conclusions, [25] and a 2012 review found benefits in both women and men ...
PDE4 inhibitors are known to possess procognitive (including long term memory-improving), [2] wakefulness-promoting, [3] neuroprotective, [4] [5] and anti-inflammatory effects. [6] Consequently, PDE4 inhibitors have been investigated as treatments for a diverse group of different diseases, including central nervous system disorders such as ...
Common side effects include abdominal pain, nausea, headaches, and muscle pains. [6] Serious side effects may include rhabdomyolysis, liver problems, and diabetes. [6] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. [6] Like all statins, rosuvastatin works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme found in the liver that plays a role in producing ...
A TNF inhibitor is a pharmaceutical drug that suppresses the physiologic response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is part of the inflammatory response.TNF is involved in autoimmune and immune-mediated disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa and refractory asthma, so TNF inhibitors may be used in their ...
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors are compounds that slow or stop the action of the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-lipoxygenase or 5-LOX) enzyme, which is responsible for the production of inflammatory leukotrienes. The overproduction of leukotrienes is a major cause of inflammation in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and osteoarthritis. [1] [2]
5α-Reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), also known as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) blockers, are a class of medications with antiandrogenic effects which are used primarily in the treatment of enlarged prostate and scalp hair loss. They are also sometimes used to treat excess hair growth in women and as a component of hormone therapy for transgender ...