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Hibernation (also known as suspend to disk, or Safe Sleep on Macintosh computers [1]) in computing is powering down a computer while retaining its state. When hibernation begins, the computer saves the contents of its random access memory (RAM) to a hard disk or other non-volatile storage. When the computer is turned on the RAM is restored and ...
Machine state is held in RAM and, when placed in sleep mode, the computer cuts power to unneeded subsystems and places the RAM into a minimum power state, just sufficient to retain its data. Because of the large power saving, most laptops automatically enter this mode when the computer is running on batteries and the lid is closed.
A laptop's battery is charged using an external power supply, which is plugged into a wall outlet. The power supply outputs a DC voltage typically in the range of 7.2—24 volts. The power supply is usually external and connected to the laptop through a DC connector cable. In most cases, it can charge the battery and power the laptop ...
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Battery-powered equipment connected to mains electricity can be kept fully charged although switched on; for example, a mobile telephone can be ready to receive calls without depleting its battery charge. It enables devices to either turn on or off into a standby state automatically without human intervention (for example, a timer or Wake-on-LAN).
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case.
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Another ATX addition was the +5 V SB (standby) rail for providing a small amount of standby power, even when the computer was nominally "off". When a computer is in ACPI S3 sleep mode, only +5 V SB rail is used. There are two basic differences between AT and ATX power supplies: the connectors that provide power to the motherboard, and the soft ...