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The cause of the Tr-J extinction event may have been extensive volcanic eruptions in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP), [8] which released large amounts of carbon dioxide into the Earth's atmosphere, [9] [10] causing profound global warming [11] along with ocean acidification. [12]
Unknown; may include climate changes, massive volcanic eruptions and Humans (largely by human overhunting) [4] [5] [6] Neogene: Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary extinction: 2 Ma: Possible causes include a supernova [7] [8] or the Eltanin impact [9] [10] Middle Miocene disruption: 14.5 Ma Climate change due to change of ocean circulation patterns.
This would have the opposite effects: expand the area available for tropical species; kill temperate species or force them to migrate towards the poles; possibly cause severe extinctions of polar species; often make the Earth's climate wetter on average, mainly by melting ice and snow and thus increasing the volume of the water cycle. It might ...
The eruptions continued for roughly two million years and spanned the Permian–Triassic boundary, or P–T boundary, which occurred around 251.9 million years ago. The Siberian Traps are believed to be the primary cause of the Permian–Triassic extinction event , the most severe extinction event in the geologic record.
This evidence shows that many of the species' extinctions at this time related to these climate and productivity changes even without the addition of an extraterrestrial impact. The impact pushed atmospheric CO 2 levels up from 350 to 500 ppm to approximately 2300 ppm [ citation needed ] , which would have been sufficient to warm the Earth's ...
[172] [173] [174] This hydrothermal venting occurred at shallow depths, enhancing its ability to vent gases into the atmosphere and influence the global climate. [175] Volcanic eruptions of a large magnitude can impact global climate, reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface, lowering temperatures in the troposphere ...
The most recent two high-precision argon–argon datings dated the eruption to 73,880 ± 320 [6] and 73,700 ± 300 years ago. [7] Five distinct magma bodies were activated within a few centuries before the eruption. [8] [9] The eruption commenced with small and limited air-fall and was directly followed by the main phase of ignimbrite flows. [10]
[clarification needed] This temperature difference between the two causes violent water-lava interactions that make up the eruption. The products of phreatomagmatic eruptions are believed to be more regular in shape and finer grained than the products of magmatic eruptions because of the differences in eruptive mechanisms.