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The hartree (symbol: E h), also known as the Hartree energy, is the unit of energy in the atomic units system, named after the British physicist Douglas Hartree. Its CODATA recommended value is E h = 4.359 744 722 2060 (48) × 10 −18 J [ 1 ] = 27.211 386 245 981 (30) eV .
Hartree defined units based on three physical constants: [1]: 91 Both in order to eliminate various universal constants from the equations and also to avoid high powers of 10 in numerical work, it is convenient to express quantities in terms of units, which may be called 'atomic units', defined as follows:
kT (also written as k B T) is the product of the Boltzmann constant, k (or k B), and the temperature, T.This product is used in physics as a scale factor for energy values in molecular-scale systems (sometimes it is used as a unit of energy), as the rates and frequencies of many processes and phenomena depend not on their energy alone, but on the ratio of that energy and kT, that is, on E ...
Energy; system unit code (alternative) symbol or abbrev. notes sample default conversion combinations SI: yottajoule: YJ YJ 1.0 YJ (2.8 × 10 17 kWh) zettajoule: ZJ ZJ 1.0 ZJ (2.8 × 10 14 kWh)
Hartree: Eh E h: 1.0 E h (27 eV) rydberg: Ry Ry 1.0 Ry (14 eV) tonne of oil equivalent: toe toe 1.0 toe (42 GJ) barrel of oil equivalent: BOE BOE 1.0 BOE (6.1 GJ) cubic foot of natural gas: cuftnaturalgas (cufootnaturalgas) Unit-code cufootnaturalgas will show "cubic foot of natural gas" if plural. 1.0 cubic foot of natural gas (1.1 MJ
Boltzmann constant: The Boltzmann constant, k, is one of seven fixed constants defining the International System of Units, the SI, with k = 1.380 649 x 10 −23 J K −1.The Boltzmann constant is a proportionality constant between the quantities temperature (with unit kelvin) and energy (with unit joule).
The conversion procedure for some units (for example, the Mach unit of speed) are built into Module:Convert as they are too complex to be specified in a table. That is indicated by entering a code (which must be the same as used in the module) in the Extra column.
1 kJ/mol, converted to energy per molecule [9] 2.1×10 −21 J Thermal energy in each degree of freedom of a molecule at 25 °C (kT/2) (0.01 eV) [10] 2.856×10 −21 J By Landauer's principle, the minimum amount of energy required at 25 °C to change one bit of information 3–7×10 −21 J