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The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972, also known as Collision Regulations (COLREGs), are published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and set out, among other things, the "rules of the road" or navigation rules to be followed by ships and other vessels at sea to prevent collisions between two or more vessels.
Diagram showing principle of constant bearing, decreasing range in marine collision avoidance. When an observer sees another vessel at a constant bearing and the range continually decreases, collision is imminent. A ship seen to be on a constant bearing with decreasing range will collide with the observer's ship unless avoiding action is taken.
As required by COLREGS, all ships shall maintain a proper radar lookout if it is available on board to obtain early warning of risk of collision.Radar plotting with the use of an EBL and VRM, or the ARPA should be used to determine the information of movement and the risk of collision of other ships in vicinity. [4]
The original purpose of AIS was solely collision avoidance but many other applications have since developed and continue to be developed. AIS is currently used for: Collision avoidance AIS was developed by the IMO technical committees as a technology to avoid collisions among large vessels at sea that are not within range of shore-based systems.
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An image of debris of the Titan submersible recovered from the ocean floor and the crew's final message — "all good here" — were among the details shared Monday during the U.S. Coast Guard's ...
A typical shipboard ARPA/radar system. A marine radar with automatic radar plotting aid (ARPA) capability can create tracks using radar contacts. [1] [2] The system can calculate the tracked object's course, speed and closest point of approach [3] (CPA), thereby knowing if there is a danger of collision with the other ship or landmass.
In transportation, collision avoidance is the maintenance of systems and practices designed to prevent vehicles (such as aircraft, motor vehicles, ships, cranes and trains) from colliding with each other. They perceive the environment with sensors and prevent collisions using the data collected from the sensors.