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The first test is read 48–72 hours after injection. If the first test is positive, consider the person infected. If the first test is negative, give a second test one to three weeks after the first injection. The second test is read 48–72 hours after injection. If the second test is positive, consider the person infected in the distant past ...
The equivalent Mantoux test positive levels done with 10 TU (0.1 mL 100 TU/mL, 1:1000) are 0–4 mm induration (Heaf 0-1) 5–14 mm induration (Heaf 2) >15 mm induration (Heaf 3-4) The Mantoux test is preferred in the United States for the diagnosis of tuberculosis; multiple puncture tests, such as the Heaf test and Tine test, are not recommended.
The tine test is a multiple-puncture tuberculin skin test used to aid in the medical diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The tine test is similar to the Heaf test, although the Mantoux test is usually used instead. There are various forms of the tine tests which usually fall into two categories: the old tine test (OT) and the purified protein ...
The test may enable the diagnosis of TB in patients likely to be missed by traditional tests. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2015, [ 6 ] the Xpert MTB/RIF test was "revolutionizing TB control by contributing to the rapid diagnosis of TB disease and drug resistance.
Injecting a Mantoux skin test The Mantoux test for TB involves intradermally injecting PPD (Purified Protein Derivative) tuberculin and measuring the size of induration 48-72 hours later. The Mantoux skin test is used in the United States and is endorsed by the American Thoracic Society and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ).
The test used in the United States at present is referred to as the Mantoux test. An alternative test called the Heaf test was used in the United Kingdom until 2005, although the UK now uses the Mantoux test in line with the rest of the world. Both of these tests use the tuberculin derivative PPD (purified protein derivative).
[1] [9] People with latent TB do not spread the disease. [1] Active infection occurs more often in people with HIV/AIDS and in those who smoke. [1] Diagnosis of active TB is based on chest X-rays, as well as microscopic examination and culture of bodily fluids. [10] Diagnosis of latent TB relies on the tuberculin skin test (TST) or blood tests ...
The GeneXpert MTB/RIF is a PCR based test can simultaneously detect TB as well as resistance to rifampine with a 2 hour waiting time. [2] The test can be performed on urine or blood. In contrast, a sputum culture and microscopic exam is much less sensitive and cultures may take weeks to result.