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Benzene: 18.24 0.1193 Bromobenzene: 28.94 0.1539 Butane: 14.66 0.1226 1-Butanol [2] 20.94 0.1326 2-Butanone [2] 19.97 0.1326 Carbon dioxide: 3.640 0.04267 Carbon disulfide: 11.77 0.07685 Carbon monoxide: 1.505 0.0398500 Carbon tetrachloride: 19.7483 0.1281 Chlorine: 6.579 0.05622 Chlorobenzene: 25.77 0.1453 Chloroethane: 11.05 0.08651 ...
Ethylbenzene is found mostly as a vapor in the air since it can easily move from water and soil. [4] A median concentration of 0.62 parts per billion (ppb) was found in urban air in 1999. [9] A study conducted in 2012 found that in country air the median concentration was found to be 0.01 ppb and indoors the median concentration was 1.0 ppb.
Although ethane is a greenhouse gas, it is much less abundant than methane, has a lifetime of only a few months compared to over a decade, [30] and is also less efficient at absorbing radiation relative to mass. In fact, ethane's global warming potential largely results from its conversion in the atmosphere to methane. [31]
Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals. Due to the cyclic continuous pi bonds between the carbon atoms, benzene is classed as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell, and is partially responsible for the aroma of gasoline.
Catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert naphthas from crude oil into liquid products called reformates, which are premium "blending stocks" for high-octane gasoline. The process converts low-octane linear hydrocarbons (paraffins) into branched alkanes (isoparaffins) and cyclic naphthenes , which are then partially ...
A small fraction of hydrocarbon found on earth, and all currently known hydrocarbon found on other planets and moons, is thought to be abiological. [15] Hydrocarbons such as ethylene, isoprene, and monoterpenes are emitted by living vegetation. [16] Some hydrocarbons also are widespread and abundant in the Solar System.
Air hydrates are frequently observed in polar ice samples. Pingos are common structures in permafrost regions. [24] Similar structures are found in deep water related to methane vents. Significantly, gas hydrates can even be formed in the absence of a liquid phase. Under that situation, water is dissolved in gas or in liquid hydrocarbon phase. [25]
Venenivibrio stagnispumantis gains energy by oxidizing hydrogen gas.. In biochemistry, chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds (e.g., hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide) or ferrous ions as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in ...