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As a result of Germany's urbanization, Germany's working-class often had to deal with miserable working and living conditions. [7] In turn, this set the stage for intense social conflict within Germany as well as led to the rise of the German Social Democratic Party--the largest socialist party in the world during this time—thanks to large-scale worker support for it.
Even in the case of overurbanization, some of the positive effects of urbanization could be present in regards to economic growth, such as the development of more efficient economics due to scale, technological developments, diversity of both products and occupations, as well as "the greater opportunity of occupational and social mobility and ...
The eleven metropolitan regions in Germany were organised into political units for planning purposes. Based on a narrower definition of metropolises commonly used to determine the metropolitan status of a given city, [ 2 ] only four cities in Germany surpass the threshold of at least one million inhabitants within their administrative borders ...
The territorial evolution of Germany in this article include all changes in the modern territory of Germany from its unification making it a country on 1 January 1871 to the present although the history of "Germany" as a territorial polity concept and the history of the ethnic Germans are much longer and much more complex.
Urbanization has many environmental consequences. In all urban areas there are numerous impacts on the environment such as air pollution, water pollution, etc. Excessive urbanization creates risks (fragilization of soils, pollution, plundering of natural resources) [6] Urbanization is one of the causes of the erosion of biodiversity.
Urban planning played a key role in the implementation of these ideas. In existing German cities, planners were instrumental in physically separating different populations through urban design, similar to the urban patterns of colonial planning. [7] This included separate housing and designated areas in which non-Germans were prohibited.
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Hollander et al. [6] and Glazer [7] cite railroads in port cities, the depreciation of national infrastructure (i.e., highways), and suburbanization as possible causes of de-urbanization. Pallagst [ 1 ] also suggests that shrinkage is a response to deindustrialization, as jobs move from the city core to cheaper land on the periphery.