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A sporophyll is a leaf that bears sporangia. Both microphylls and megaphylls can be sporophylls. In heterosporous plants, sporophylls (whether they are microphylls or megaphylls) bear either megasporangia and thus are called megasporophylls , or microsporangia and are called microsporophylls .
A strobilus (pl.: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem.Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use of the term cone to the woody seed strobili of conifers.
In flowering plants, the gametophytes are very reduced in size, and are represented by the germinated pollen and the embryo sac The sporophyte produces spores (hence the name) by meiosis , a process also known as "reduction division" that reduces the number of chromosomes in each spore mother cell by half.
Flowering plants contain microsporangia in the anthers of stamens (typically four microsporangia per anther) and megasporangia inside ovules inside ovaries. In all seed plants, spores are produced by meiosis and develop into gametophytes while still inside the sporangium. The microspores become microgametophytes (pollen).
A plant which completes its life cycle (i.e. germinates, reproduces, and dies) within two years or growing seasons. Biennial plants usually form a basal rosette of leaves in the first year and then flower and fruit in the second year. bifid Forked; cut in two for about half its length. Compare trifid. bifoliate
Plants that are homosporous produce spores of the same size and type. Heterosporous plants, such as seed plants , spikemosses , quillworts , and ferns of the order Salviniales produce spores of two different sizes: the larger spore (megaspore) in effect functioning as a "female" spore and the smaller (microspore) functioning as a "male".
Selaginella species are creeping or ascendant plants with simple, scale-like leaves (microphylls) on branching stems from which roots also arise. The stems are aerial, horizontally creeping on the substratum (as in Selaginella kraussiana ), sub-erect ( Selaginella trachyphylla ) or erect (as in Selaginella erythropus ).
[9] The plant is acaulescent, meaning it has a short stem concealed on the ground. The diameter of the stem is 20-40cm. [9] Macrozamia glaucophylla has fronds that has an average height of 50 to 70 cm (20 to 28 in) from the ground surface. The maximum height reached by this plant was approximately 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in).