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The spinning mule is a machine used to spin cotton and other fibres. They were used extensively from the late 18th to the early 20th century in the mills of Lancashire and elsewhere. Mules were worked in pairs by a minder, with the help of two boys: the little piecer and the big or side piecer.
A worker spinning cotton at a hand-powered spinning wheel in the 18th century would take more than 50,000 hours to spin 100 lb of cotton; by the 1790s, the same quantity could be spun in 300 hours by mule, and with a self-acting mule it could be spun by one worker in just 135 hours.
Cotton-spinning machinery is machines which process (or spin) prepared cotton roving into workable yarn or thread. [1] Such machinery can be dated back centuries. During the 18th and 19th centuries, as part of the Industrial Revolution cotton-spinning machinery was developed to bring mass production to the cotton industry.
The labor-saving innovations that he proposed were only modifications to older apparatuses, as opposed to a great leap of scientific knowledge that led to a new invention. He uses the different methods of spinning as an example: the spinning jenny, the water-frame, the spinning mule, the power loom and finally the variations of the automatic ...
1767 – John Kay invents the spinning frame. 1768 – Josiah Crane invents the hand-operated warp knitting machine. 1769 – Richard Arkwright's water frame. 1769 – Samuel Wise solves the mechanization of W. Lee's stocking frame. 1779 – Samuel Crompton invents the spinning mule. 1784 – Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom.
The spinning machine constructed in Nottingham by Kay and Arkwright was powered by horses, and apparently was not commercially viable. [17] But it did prove the feasibility of the new machine, known as a "spinning frame". Arkwright was thereby able to finance a more elaborate mill using water power, built in 1771 on the River Derwent at Cromford.
About 1779, Samuel Crompton succeeded in producing a mule-jenny, a machine which spun yarn suitable for use in the manufacture of muslin. [6] It was known as the muslin wheel or the Hall i' th' Woodwheel, [7] from the name of the house in which he and his family now lived. [8] The mule-jenny later became known as the spinning mule.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 January 2025. Multi-spool spinning frame Model of spinning jenny in the Museum of Early Industrialisation, Wuppertal, Germany. The spinning jenny is a multi- spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialisation of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial ...