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Chondromalacia patellae (also known as CMP) is an inflammation of the underside of the patella and softening of the cartilage.. The cartilage under the kneecap is a natural shock absorber, and overuse, injury, and many other factors can cause increased deterioration and breakdown of the cartilage.
Patellar subluxation syndrome is an injury involving the kneecap.Patellar subluxation is more common than patellar dislocation and is just as disabling. [1]In this condition, the patella repetitively subluxates and places strain on the medial restraints and excessive stress/tension on the patellofemoral joint.
A patellar dislocation typically occurs when the knee is straight and the lower leg is bent outwards when twisting. [1] [2] Occasionally, it occurs when the knee is bent and the patella is struck directly. [1] Commonly associated sports include soccer, gymnastics, and ice hockey. [2] Dislocations nearly always occur away from the midline. [2]
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS; not to be confused with jumper's knee) is knee pain as a result of problems between the kneecap and the femur. [4] The pain is generally in the front of the knee and comes on gradually. [2] [4] Pain may worsen with sitting down with a bent knee for long periods of time, excessive use, or climbing and ...
The kneecap is prone to injury because of its particularly exposed location, and fractures of the patella commonly occur as a consequence of direct trauma onto the knee. These fractures usually cause swelling and pain in the region, bleeding into the joint (hemarthrosis), and an inability to extend the knee. Patella fractures are usually ...
Trochleitis is inflammation of the superior oblique tendon trochlea apparatus characterized by localized swelling, tenderness, and severe pain. This condition is an uncommon but treatable cause of periorbital pain. The trochlea is a ring-like apparatus of cartilage through which passes the tendon of the superior oblique
Symptoms may include knee pain, swelling, and redness just below the kneecap. [2] It may be complicated by patellar tendonitis. [1] Risk factors include kneeling or crawling. [4] It may also be brought on by frequent bending of the knees while standing, squatting, running, or jumping.
Patellar tendinitis, also known as jumper's knee, is an overuse injury of the tendon that straightens the knee. [1] Symptoms include pain in the front of the knee. [ 1 ] Typically the pain and tenderness is at the lower part of the kneecap , though the upper part may also be affected. [ 2 ]