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This coefficient accounts for the time lag between the outdoor and indoor temperature peaks. Depending on the properties of the building envelope, a delay is present when observing the amount of heat being transferred inside from the outdoors. The CLF is the cooling load at a given time compared to the heat gain from earlier in the day. [1] [5]
Just as horsepower and candlepower were intuitive units of measure for people living through the transition from horse to steam power [3] and from flame-based to electric lighting, so was the ton of refrigeration an intuitive unit of measure during a technological change, as the ice trade gradually included growing percentages of artificial ice ...
Q = Volumetric flow rate of air in cubic feet per minute (cfm) Vol = Space volume L × W × H, in cubic feet; In metric units = where: ACPH = number of air changes per hour; higher values correspond to more ventilation; Q = Volumetric flow rate of air in liters per second (L/s)
Air-conditioner sizes are often given as "tons" of cooling, where 1 ton of cooling equals 12,000 BTU/h (3.5 kW). 1 ton of cooling equals the amount of power that needs to be applied continuously over a 24-hour period to melt 1 ton of ice. The annual cost of electric energy consumed by an air conditioner may be calculated as follows:
Cooling capacity is the measure of a cooling system's ability to remove heat. [1] It is equivalent to the heat supplied to the evaporator/boiler part of the refrigeration cycle and may be called the "rate of refrigeration" or "refrigeration capacity".
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The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work (energy) required. [1] [2] Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs. The COP is used in thermodynamics.
As an example, given a concentration of 260 mg/m 3 at sea level, calculate the equivalent concentration at an altitude of 1,800 meters: C a = 260 × 0.9877 18 = 208 mg/m 3 at 1,800 meters altitude Standard conditions for gas volumes