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"ATM machine" is a common example of RAS syndrome. RAS syndrome, where RAS stands for redundant acronym syndrome (making the phrase "RAS syndrome" autological), is the redundant use of one or more of the words that make up an acronym in conjunction with the abbreviated form. This means, in effect, repeating one or more words from the acronym.
There are different transaction methods used in shared ATMs with regards to the encipherment of PIN, and message authentication among them is so-called "zone encryption". In this method, a trusted authority is appointed to operate on behalf of a group of banks so they could interchange messages for ATM payment approvals. [1]
Response code 40: an 3: Service restriction code 41: ans 8: Card acceptor terminal identification 42: ans 15: Card acceptor identification code 43: ans 40: Card acceptor name/location (1–25 card acceptor name or automated teller machine (ATM) location, 26-38 city name, 39-40 country code) 44: an ..25: Additional response data 45: an ..76 ...
The concept of a backup emergency PIN system, or duress code, for ATM systems has been around since at least July 30, 1986, when Representative Mario Biaggi, a former police officer, proposed it in the U.S. Congressional Record, pp. 18232 et seq. Biaggi then proposed House Resolution 785 in 1987 which would have had the FBI track the problem of express kidnappings and evaluate the idea of an ...
RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial In User Service; RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks; RAII—Resource Acquisition Is Initialization; RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes; RAM—Random-Access Memory; RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol; RAS—Reliability, Availability and Serviceability; RAS—Remote access service; RC ...
Typically, “cold standby” or “idle” subsystems are active for lower priority work. Sometimes these systems are located far away from their redundant pair in a strategy called geographic redundancy. [8] This architecture seeks to avoid loss of service from physically-local events (fire, flood, earthquake) by separating redundant machines.
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code which is executed but has no external effect (e.g., does not change the output produced by a program; known as dead code). A NOP instruction might be considered to be redundant code that has been explicitly inserted to pad out the instruction stream or introduce a time delay, for example to create a timing loop by "wasting time".