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the first person singular of the present indicative active; the present infinitive active; the first person singular of the perfect indicative active; the supine or, in some grammars, the perfect passive participle, which uses the same stem. (Texts that list the perfect passive participle use the future active participle for intransitive verbs.)
The perfect indicative active tense is the third principal part given in Latin dictionaries. In most verbs it uses a different stem from the present tense; for example, the perfect tense of dūcō 'I lead' is dūxī 'I led'.
The primary future is the future relative to the time of speech. For most verbs, the future is usually construed by a 'future indicative' verb as in faciam ('I will do'). '). In Early Latin, there was the 'sigmatic future indicative' faxō (also 'I will
The 'active infinitive' mode is often realised by a simple accusative future participle. The 'passive infinitive' mode can be realised by the ' īrī infinitive' paradigm of the perfect periphrasis, but this option is comparatively rare. [3] There are three additional future infinitive periphrases for both active and passive/deponent verbs.
INDICATIVE Active Passive Present dūcō dūcis dūcit dūcimus dūcitis dūcunt: I lead, I am leading you lead he/she/it leads we lead you pl. lead they lead dūcor dūceris dūcitur dūcimur dūciminī dūcuntur: I am led, I am being led you are led he/she/it is led we are led you pl. are led they are led Future dūcam dūcēs dūcet ...
From a semantic perspective, a tense is a temporal circumstance in which an event takes place relative to a given point in time. [i] [ii] [iii] It is absolute (primary) if it relates the represented event to the time of the speech event [iv] [v] [vi] [vii] and it is relative if it relates the represented event to the time of another event in the context of discourse.
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Completions and adaptions: The paradigms 'imperative indirect active', 'imperative indirect passive', 'supine genitive', 'supine dative' are not present in this dictionary because they are rare in the Classical Period, however they are accounted for in Grammar books and articles. The paradigms for 'supine accusative' and 'supine ablative' are ...