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In 1908, Reginald P. Bolton published the first book devoted to this subject, Elevator Service. [35] The summation of his work was a massive fold-out chart (placed at the back of his book) that allowed users to determine the number of express and local elevators needed for a given building to meet a desired interval of service.
Elevator, or lift, a device used for raising and lowering people or goods Paternoster lift, a type of lift using a continuous chain of cars which do not stop; Patient lift, or Hoyer lift, mobile lift, ceiling lift, a lift to assist a caregiver for a disabled patient; Rack lift, a type of elevator; Ski lift, an aerial or surface lift for uphill ...
After a demonstration at the 1853 New York World's Fair, the elevator industry established credibility. [6] Otis elevator in Glasgow, Scotland, imported from the U.S. in 1856 for Gardner's Warehouse, the oldest cast-iron fronted building in the British Isles [7] Otis founded the Otis Elevator Company in Yonkers, New York, in 1853. When he died ...
A paternoster in Prague Paternoster elevator in The Hague, when it was still in operation. A paternoster (/ ˌ p eɪ t ər ˈ n ɒ s t ər /, / ˌ p ɑː-/, or / ˌ p æ-/) or paternoster lift is a passenger elevator which consists of a chain of open compartments (each usually designed for two people) that move slowly in a loop up and down inside a building without stopping.
A simple dumbwaiter is a movable frame in a shaft, dropped by a rope on a pulley, guided by rails; most dumbwaiters have a shaft, cart, and capacity smaller than those of passenger elevators, usually 45 to 450 kg (100 to 992 lbs.) [2] Before electric motors were added in the 1920s, dumbwaiters were controlled manually by ropes on pulleys.
The elevator operator had to regulate the elevator's speed, which typically required a good sense of timing to consistently stop the elevator level with each floor. In addition to their training in operation and safety, department stores later combined the role of operator with greeter and tour guide , announcing product departments, floor by ...
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Emporium Centre San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States, is the first spiral escalator in the Western Hemisphere. [ 35 ] Levytator, a design originating at City University in London, can move in straight lines or curves with or without rising or descending.