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If x is negative, round-down is the same as round-away-from-zero, and round-up is the same as round-toward-zero. In any case, if x is an integer, y is just x . Where many calculations are done in sequence, the choice of rounding method can have a very significant effect on the result.
Adding from __future__ import division causes a module used in Python 2.7 to use Python 3.0 rules for division (see above). In Python terms, / is true division (or simply division), and // is floor division. / before version 3.0 is classic division. [121] Rounding towards negative infinity, though different from most languages, adds consistency.
Roundup was designed by Ka-Ping Yee for the Software Carpentry project and was developed from 2001 to 2016 under the direction of Richard Jones. Since then, it has been developed by the Roundup community. It was the issue tracker for the Python programming language for 17 years before migrating to GitHub. [4]
round up (toward +∞; negative results thus round toward zero) round down (toward −∞; negative results thus round away from zero) round toward zero (truncation; it is similar to the common behavior of float-to-integer conversions, which convert −3.9 to −3 and 3.9 to 3)
This alternative definition is significantly more widespread: machine epsilon is the difference between 1 and the next larger floating point number.This definition is used in language constants in Ada, C, C++, Fortran, MATLAB, Mathematica, Octave, Pascal, Python and Rust etc., and defined in textbooks like «Numerical Recipes» by Press et al.
Round toward 0 – directed rounding towards zero (also known as truncation). Round toward +∞ – directed rounding towards positive infinity (also known as rounding up or ceiling ). Round toward −∞ – directed rounding towards negative infinity (also known as rounding down or floor ).
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Round-by-chop: The base-expansion of is truncated after the ()-th digit. This rounding rule is biased because it always moves the result toward zero. Round-to-nearest: () is set to the nearest floating-point number to . When there is a tie, the floating-point number whose last stored digit is even (also, the last digit, in binary form, is equal ...