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Most national universities employ a 4-scale grading system (only with A, B, C and F). Below-average students are given an F, and are encouraged to retake the same subject(s) in the following semesters. GPA is a simple numerical representation of college results in Japan. As of 2014, 497 Japanese universities use this system. [5]
Japan's compulsory education ends at grade nine, but less than 2% drop out; 60% of students advanced to senior education as of 1960, increasing rapidly to over 90% by 1980, rising further each year until reaching 98.3% as of 2012.
From the 10th grade onwards, including tertiary education, a 20-point grading scale is used, with 10 passing grades and 10 failing grades, with 20 being the highest grade possible and 9.5, rounded upwards to 10, the minimum grade for passing. This 20-point system is used both for test scores and grades.
Grade 12 (Ages 17–18) ** Quebec, 1st college GEGEP; Grade 13 (Ages 18-19) ** Some provinces like Ontario have a prep year before attending university. CEGEP (ages 18–20) ** Quebec only (prep years to university, or professional) * Students in the Prairie Provinces are not required by statute to attend pre-kindergarten or kindergarten.
The investigation revealed that a computerized system that automatically deducted points from the final scores of female applicants and male re-takers had been in place since at least 2006. After the correction of the system in 2019, "the pass ratio for women was 20.2 percent, 0.4 percentage point higher than that of men.
Lower-secondary schools cover grades seven, eight, and nine. Ages are 12/13-14/15 with increased focus on academic studies. Although it is possible to leave the formal education system after completing lower secondary school and find employment, fewer than 4% did so by the late 1980s.
Flag of Japan. Curriculum guidelines (学習指導要領, Gakushū shidō yōryō) is a standard issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) that specifies materials taught at all of elementary, junior and senior high schools in Japan, either public or private.
An elementary school class in Japan. In Japan, elementary schools (小学校, Shōgakkō) are compulsory to all children begin first grade in the April after they turn six—kindergarten is growing increasingly popular, but is not mandatory—and starting school is considered a very important event in a child's life.